Coping with an enlarged prostate

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Prostate problems may seem to be the province of older men, but this small gland can begin to get bigger before a man turns 30. This natural (and non-cancerous) enlargement is called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It is most likely the result of hormonal changes that cause prostate cells to increase in number and size.
As the prostate enlarges, it starts to press against the urethra and the bladder. The result: problems with urination. Signs of BPH include:

•	a hesitant, interrupted, weak urine stream
•	urgency, leaking, or dribbling of urine
•	a sense of incomplete emptying of your bladder
•	more frequent urination, especially at night.

Although 50% to 60% of men with BPH never develop symptoms, others find that this condition makes life miserable.
Getting help
If you think you may have BPH, see your doctor. An exam and medical history can help confirm the diagnosis. Expect to be asked questions about your urinary flow and how long you’ve had symptoms. Your doctor may also ask you to complete a questionnaire to help evaluate the severity of your BPH. Blood tests can help rule out other causes for your symptoms, like an infection, untreated diabetes, or prostate cancer.
Treating BPH
If you aren’t bothered by BPH, you and your doctor may want to simply keep an eye on your symptoms. When BPH starts to interfere with your quality of life, the first step is usually a combination of lifestyle changes and medication.

Tips for relieving BPH symptoms • Some men who are nervous and tense urinate more frequently. Regular exercise, relaxation techniques, and other strategies can reduce stress. • When you feel the urge to urinate, try not to hold it. Go when you have the chance, and when you go, empty your bladder completely. • Some medications contribute to problems urinating. Review all your prescription and over-the-counter medicines, as well as any dietary supplements you take, with your doctor. She or he may be able to adjust dosages or substitute another medication that has fewer urinary side-effects. • Avoid drinking fluids in the evening, particularly caffeinated and alcoholic beverages.

For some men, surgery is necessary to provide good relief from BPH symptoms. Your doctor can help you evaluate which type of surgery makes sense for you and decide if the benefits outweigh the potential risks and side effects.